AIThis post was created with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI).

Finding an air purifier that effectively tackles smoke can be challenging due to the variety of models and features available. The Purivortex PX500 stands out as the best overall choice, thanks to its large coverage and strong filtration. Meanwhile, the FreAire HAP605 offers exceptional performance for very large spaces, and the AromaRoom Air Purifier excels in odor and smoke removal in smaller rooms. The main tradeoffs involve balancing filter efficiency, coverage area, noise levels, and price. Keep reading for a detailed breakdown of these options to help you pick the best fit for your needs.

Before you orderOffer from Amazon

Get health and wellness essentials delivered free with Prime

  • Fast, free delivery on millions of items
  • Prime Video, Amazon Music and more included
  • Member-only deals all year
Start your free Prime trial Free trial for eligible customers · Cancel anytime
As an affiliate, we earn on qualifying purchases.
15
compared
13
brands
24dB in Sleep Mode
max noise level
Which air purifiers for smoke should you buy?
★ Top Pick
Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier
Best Overall for Large Room Coverage and Versatile Features
Covers large rooms up to 880 sq ft efficiently
See on Amazon →
Large living spaces, offices, or commercial settings needing continuous air quality management.
FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier fo
Supports large spaces up to 2,600 sq ft with triple air intake
View on Amazon →
Large bedrooms or living rooms where real-time air quality monitoring and quiet operation are desired.
DREO Air Purifier for Large Ro
Effective for spaces up to 1176 sq ft
View on Amazon →
Pet owners living in large homes who want a quiet, safe air purifier for pet hair, dander, and smoke.
YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for H
Large coverage up to 1500 sq ft with high CADR
View on Amazon →
Small bedrooms or home offices where space is limited and a touch of aromatherapy is desired.
AromaRoom Air Purifier for Hom
Effective in rooms up to 323 sq ft
View on Amazon →
Noise Level — compared
FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier fo20 dB in Sleep Mode
YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for H22 dB
AromaRoom Air Purifier for Hom22 dB
AirHub Air Purifier for Home B20 dB in Sleep Mode
MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Pur20 dB
Levoit Core 300-P Air Purifier24dB in Sleep Mode
VOOPNU Home Air Purifier with 22 dB
Winix 5520 Air Purifier for La23.5 dB
MOOKA Air Purifier for Home Be20dB
Pros & cons at a glance
Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier
✓ Covers large rooms up to 880 sq ft efficiently
✗ Carbon filter mainly reduces light household odors, not heavy smoke smells
FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier fo
✓ Supports large spaces up to 2,600 sq ft with triple air intake
✗ Requires genuine filters for warranty support, possibly limiting options
DREO Air Purifier for Large Ro
✓ Effective for spaces up to 1176 sq ft
✗ Control panel may be complex for some users
YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for H
✓ Large coverage up to 1500 sq ft with high CADR
✗ Product documentation may be unclear or poorly written
AromaRoom Air Purifier for Hom
✓ Effective in rooms up to 323 sq ft
✗ Less suitable for large or very smoky spaces
Levoit Air Purifier for Home P
✓ High filtration efficiency capturing 99.97% of fine particles
✗ Limited to 222 sq ft coverage, not suitable for large spaces
AirHub Air Purifier for Home B
✓ Covers up to 1,092 sq ft with high CADR ratings
✗ Requires more space for proper airflow due to dual intake
VEWIOR 2 Pack Air Purifiers wi
✓ Two units for extensive coverage up to 1200 sq ft
✗ Filters need replacement every 3-6 months
MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Pur
✓ Large coverage area up to 1076 sq ft
✗ Frequent filter replacement needed every 3-6 months
PuroAir 240 HEPA Air Purifier
✓ Covers up to 1,000 sq ft efficiently
✗ No specified CADR ratings or smart features
Levoit Core 300-P Air Purifier
✓ Captures 99.97% of fine airborne particles including smoke
✗ Lacks auto mode and smart connectivity features
VOOPNU Home Air Purifier with
✓ Covers up to 1,076 ft² effectively
✗ Best performance requires continuous use and quality filters
Winix 5520 Air Purifier for La
✓ Covers up to 1,882 sq ft in one hour
✗ Remote control depends on app setup
LEVOIT Smart Air Purifier for
✓ Covers up to 1,875 sq ft with high CADR for smoke
✗ Bulky size may be unsuitable for smaller rooms
MOOKA Air Purifier for Home Be
✓ Covers up to 2200 sq ft efficiently
✗ Large physical size may be inconvenient for small spaces

Complete the kit

Core Mini Replacement Filter for LEVOIT Core Mini,Core Mi...
Core Mini Replacement Filter for LEVOIT Core Mini,Core Mi…
Add to your setup →
2 Pack Core Mini Filter H13 True HEPA Filters for LEVOIT...
2 Pack Core Mini Filter H13 True HEPA Filters for LEVOIT…
Add to your setup →
HPA300 HEPA Filter Replacement for Honeywell Air Purifier...
HPA300 HEPA Filter Replacement for Honeywell Air Purifier…
Add to your setup →

Key Takeaways

  • High-capacity models like the FreAire HAP605 excel in large spaces but tend to be more expensive and larger in size.
  • HEPA filters are essential for removing smoke particles, but some models include additional activated carbon layers for odor control.
  • Quiet operation is available in many models, but it often comes with a tradeoff in fan speed and filtration rate.
  • Coverage area varies widely; selecting a purifier that matches your room size ensures effective smoke removal without overpaying.
  • Smart features and auto mode improve usability but usually add to the cost and complexity.
2
FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier fo
Best for Enormous Spaces and Smart Air Quality Monitoring
1
Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier
Best Overall for Large Room Coverage and Versatile Features
3
DREO Air Purifier for Large Ro
Best for Balanced Performance and User-Friendly Monitoring

Our Top Air Purifiers For Smoke Picks

Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier for Bedroom, Covers Up to 880 Sq Ft, BlackPurivortex PX500 Air Purifier for Bedroom, Covers Up to 880 Sq Ft, BlackBest Overall for Large Room Coverage and Versatile FeaturesCoverage Area: Up to 880 sq ftFiltration: 3-layer (Pre-filter, HEPA, Activated Carbon)Filtration Efficiency: 99.97% of particles down to 0.1 micronsVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier for Large Rooms, White, Up to 2,600 Sq FtFreAire HAP605 Air Purifier for Large Rooms, White, Up to 2,600 Sq FtBest for Enormous Spaces and Smart Air Quality MonitoringCoverage Area: Up to 2,600 sq ftAir Intake: Triple inlets (front and side)Modes: Auto, Turbo Pet, SleepVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
DREO Air Purifier for Large Rooms and Bedrooms, HEPA Filter, Auto & Turbo Modes, PM2.5 Monitor, Up to 1176 sq ftDREO Air Purifier for Large Rooms and Bedrooms, HEPA Filter, Auto & Turbo Modes, PM2.5 Monitor, Up to 1176 sq ftBest for Balanced Performance and User-Friendly MonitoringCoverage Area: Up to 1176 sq ftCADR: 158 CFMFilter Type: 3-in-1 HEPA with activated carbonVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for Home Pets, Covers Up to 1500 Sq Ft, H13 HEPA Filter with Washable Pre-Filter, 22 dB Quiet Operation (Black)YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for Home Pets, Covers Up to 1500 Sq Ft, H13 HEPA Filter with Washable Pre-Filter, 22 dB Quiet Operation (Black)Best for Pet Owners and Quiet, High-Performance Large CoverageCoverage Area: Up to 1500 sq ftCADR: 280 m³/hFilter Type: H13 HEPA plus washable pre-filterVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
AromaRoom Air Purifier for Home, Air Cleaner for Smoke, Pollen, Dander, HairAromaRoom Air Purifier for Home, Air Cleaner for Smoke, Pollen, Dander, HairBest for Small Rooms and Aromatherapy IntegrationEffective Room Size: 323 sq ftFiltration: High-efficiency particulate (0.1-0.3 microns)Noise Level: 22 dBVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
Levoit Air Purifier for Home Pets Bedroom Dorm Room Washable Pre-FilterLevoit Air Purifier for Home Pets Bedroom Dorm Room Washable Pre-FilterBest for Pet Owners and Allergy SufferersCoverage Area: up to 222 sq ftFiltration Efficiency: 99.97%Noise Level: as low as 25dB in Sleep ModeVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
AirHub Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, AHAM Verified, Up to 1092 Ft²AirHub Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, AHAM Verified, Up to 1092 Ft²Best for Large Rooms with Smart FeaturesCoverage Area: Up to 1,092 sq ftFiltration: 3-stage: pre-filter, HEPA, activated carbonParticle Capture: 99.97% at 0.3 micronsVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
VEWIOR 2 Pack Air Purifiers with Washable Filter for Home, Up to 1200 sq ftVEWIOR 2 Pack Air Purifiers with Washable Filter for Home, Up to 1200 sq ftBest for Budget-Conscious Large Room CoverageQuantity: 2 packCoverage Area: 1200 sq ftFilter Type: 3-stage: washable pre-filter, H13 HEPA, activated carbonVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Purifier for Home, Covers up to 1076 ft²MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Purifier for Home, Covers up to 1076 ft²Best for Quiet, Large Room FiltrationCoverage Area: up to 1076 sq ftAir Changes: 6 per hour in 215 sq ftFilter Type: Pre-filter, true HEPA, activated carbonVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
PuroAir 240 HEPA Air Purifier for Home and Bedroom – 1,000 sq ftPuroAir 240 HEPA Air Purifier for Home and Bedroom - 1,000 sq ftBest for Efficient Large Room Air CleaningCoverage Area: 1,000 sq ftFiltration System: Pre-filter, HEPA, activated carbonFilter Efficiency: Up to 99.9%VIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
Levoit Core 300-P Air Purifier for Home, Pets, Hair, and AllergensLevoit Core 300-P Air Purifier for Home, Pets, Hair, and AllergensBest Overall for High-Efficiency Filtered Smoke RemovalMotor Power: 56WCADR Smoke: 143 CFMRoom Coverage: 222 ft² at 4.8 air changes per hourVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
VOOPNU Home Air Purifier with High-Efficiency Filter, WhiteVOOPNU Home Air Purifier with High-Efficiency Filter, WhiteBest Compact Coverage with Optional Scent DiffusionCoverage Area: Up to 1,076 ft²Noise Level: 22 dBFiltration Type: Triple-layer high-efficiency filterVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
Winix 5520 Air Purifier for Large Rooms up to 1,882 sq ft with True HEPA, Carbon Filter, and Auto ModeWinix 5520 Air Purifier for Large Rooms up to 1,882 sq ft with True HEPA, Carbon Filter, and Auto ModeBest for Large Spaces with Smart Auto-Adjusting FiltrationCoverage (1 Hour): 1,882 sq ftTrue HEPA Efficiency: 99.99%Noise Level: 23.5 dBVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
LEVOIT Smart Air Purifier for Home Large Room up to 1875 Ft² – Vital 200S-PLEVOIT Smart Air Purifier for Home Large Room up to 1875 Ft² - Vital 200S-PBest for Smart-Controlled Large Room CoverageCoverage Area: Up to 1875 sq ftCADR (Smoke): 250 CFMCertification: AHAM VerifiedVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
MOOKA Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, 2200 Sq Ft Coverage, HEPA Filter, WhiteMOOKA Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, 2200 Sq Ft Coverage, HEPA Filter, WhiteBest for Very Large Rooms with Quiet OperationCoverage Area: 2200 sq ftFan Speeds: 4Noise Level: 20dBVIEW ON AMAZONSee Our Full Breakdown
Specs at a glance
air purifiers for smokeCoverage AreaNoise Level
Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier Up to 880 sq ft—
FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier foUp to 2,600 sq ft20 dB in Sleep Mode
DREO Air Purifier for Large RoUp to 1176 sq ft—
YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for HUp to 1500 sq ft22 dB
AromaRoom Air Purifier for Hom—22 dB
Levoit Air Purifier for Home Pup to 222 sq ftas low as 25dB in Sleep Mode
AirHub Air Purifier for Home BUp to 1,092 sq ft20 dB in Sleep Mode
VEWIOR 2 Pack Air Purifiers wi1200 sq ftas low as 15 dB
MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Purup to 1076 sq ft20 dB
PuroAir 240 HEPA Air Purifier 1,000 sq ft—
Levoit Core 300-P Air Purifier—24dB in Sleep Mode
VOOPNU Home Air Purifier with Up to 1,076 ft²22 dB
Winix 5520 Air Purifier for La—23.5 dB
LEVOIT Smart Air Purifier for Up to 1875 sq ft—
MOOKA Air Purifier for Home Be2200 sq ft20dB

More Details on Our Top Picks

  1. Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier for Bedroom, Covers Up to 880 Sq Ft, Black

    Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier for Bedroom, Covers Up to 880 Sq Ft, Black

    Best Overall for Large Room Coverage and Versatile Features

    View on Amazon
    The Purivortex PX500 stands out for its impressive ability to purify large spaces up to 880 sq ft in just 15 minutes, making it ideal for sizable bedrooms or living areas. Its 3-layer filtration system—including HEPA, pre-filter, and activated carbon—delivers 99.97% removal of tiny particles, including smoke, dust, and VOCs, surpassing many competitors like the YARIKI P280 in filtration efficiency. The larger 6-inch filter speeds up purification, but the carbon filter’s odor reduction is limited, mainly tackling light household smells. It also offers adjustable timer, multiple fan modes, and a colorful night light, providing flexible operation and ambiance. The 2-year warranty and safety certifications bolster confidence, yet the filter replacement costs are not specified, which could add ongoing expenses. Best for large rooms needing quick, effective smoke removal with customizable features.
    Pros:
    • Covers large rooms up to 880 sq ft efficiently
    • 99.97% HEPA filtration captures particles down to 0.1 microns
    • Large 6-inch filter speeds up purification
    Cons:
    • Carbon filter mainly reduces light household odors, not heavy smoke smells
    • Replacement filter costs are not included, adding potential ongoing expense

    Best for: Homeowners seeking a large-area purifier with quick smoke removal and versatile controls.

    Not ideal for: Small apartments or bedrooms under 300 sq ft where a compact, simpler model suffices, due to its size and feature set.

    • Coverage Area:Up to 880 sq ft
    • Filtration:3-layer (Pre-filter, HEPA, Activated Carbon)
    • Filtration Efficiency:99.97% of particles down to 0.1 microns
    • Filter Size:6 inches
    • Timer Settings:4H / 8H / 12H
    • Fan Modes:Sleep / Low / Medium / High
    • Night Light Modes:Multicolor, Blue, Green, Purple
    • Warranty:2 years
    Our verdict
    “This purifier makes the most sense for large spaces where fast, thorough smoke removal and feature flexibility are priorities.”
  2. FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier for Large Rooms, White, Up to 2,600 Sq Ft

    FreAire HAP605 Air Purifier for Large Rooms, White, Up to 2,600 Sq Ft

    Best for Enormous Spaces and Smart Air Quality Monitoring

    View on Amazon
    The FreAire HAP605 excels at covering remarkably large areas up to 2,600 sq ft, making it ideal for open-concept living, offices, or commercial spaces. Its triple air intake design boosts circulation, outperforming many standard models like the DREO in large-room performance. The built-in PM2.5 sensor with Auto Mode adjusts airflow based on real-time air quality, which is a significant advantage for maintaining cleaner air without manual adjustments. However, the main filter needs replacement every 3–6 months, depending on use, which could be costly over time. Its quiet 20 dB Sleep Mode is perfect for nighttime, and washable pre-filters reduce ongoing maintenance costs. The requirement for genuine FreAire filters to maintain warranty is a potential inconvenience. Ideal for large, busy spaces where air quality monitoring and quiet operation are priorities.
    Pros:
    • Supports large spaces up to 2,600 sq ft with triple air intake
    • PM2.5 sensor with Auto Mode for proactive air quality management
    • Quiet operation at 20 dB in Sleep Mode
    Cons:
    • Main filter replacement every 3–6 months can be costly
    • Requires genuine filters for warranty support, possibly limiting options

    Best for: Large living spaces, offices, or commercial settings needing continuous air quality management.

    Not ideal for: Small bedrooms or compact apartments, which may not justify the extensive coverage and feature set.

    • Coverage Area:Up to 2,600 sq ft
    • Air Intake:Triple inlets (front and side)
    • Modes:Auto, Turbo Pet, Sleep
    • Noise Level:20 dB in Sleep Mode
    • Filter Type:HEPA with washable pre-filter
    • Replacement Interval:Every 3–6 months
    Our verdict
    “This model is best suited for large areas that benefit from smart, automatic air quality control and silent operation.”
  3. DREO Air Purifier for Large Rooms and Bedrooms, HEPA Filter, Auto & Turbo Modes, PM2.5 Monitor, Up to 1176 sq ft

    DREO Air Purifier for Large Rooms and Bedrooms, HEPA Filter, Auto & Turbo Modes, PM2.5 Monitor, Up to 1176 sq ft

    Best for Balanced Performance and User-Friendly Monitoring

    View on Amazon
    The DREO Air Purifier is designed for spaces up to 1,176 sq ft, combining effective filtration with a high-precision PM2.5 sensor for real-time air quality feedback. Compared with the FreAire HAP605, it offers a more compact footprint suitable for large bedrooms or living rooms. Its Auto and Turbo modes allow for adaptive cleaning, while its energy-efficient operation keeps running costs manageable. Still, some users might find the control panel slightly complex, and the filter replacement costs, though not explicitly high, could add up over time. The device’s quiet operation makes it suitable for nighttime use. This model balances performance with simplicity, making it a good all-around choice for users who want smart features without overcomplication.
    Pros:
    • Effective for spaces up to 1176 sq ft
    • Real-time PM2.5 monitoring with clear display
    • Auto and Turbo modes support adaptive cleaning
    Cons:
    • Control panel may be complex for some users
    • Filter replacement costs could be ongoing

    Best for: Large bedrooms or living rooms where real-time air quality monitoring and quiet operation are desired.

    Not ideal for: Small spaces or users preferring a very simple, no-fuss model without digital controls.

    • Coverage Area:Up to 1176 sq ft
    • CADR:158 CFM
    • Filter Type:3-in-1 HEPA with activated carbon
    • Modes:Auto, Sleep, Normal, Turbo
    • Air Change Rate:4.8 ACH in 245 sq ft
    • Power Consumption:Approximately 162 kWh annually
    Our verdict
    “This purifier is well-suited for users seeking a balance of smart monitoring, quiet operation, and effective large-room coverage.”
  4. YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for Home Pets, Covers Up to 1500 Sq Ft, H13 HEPA Filter with Washable Pre-Filter, 22 dB Quiet Operation (Black)

    YARIKI P280 Air Purifier for Home Pets, Covers Up to 1500 Sq Ft, H13 HEPA Filter with Washable Pre-Filter, 22 dB Quiet Operation (Black)

    Best for Pet Owners and Quiet, High-Performance Large Coverage

    View on Amazon
    The YARIKI P280 makes a compelling case for pet owners needing effective air cleaning in spaces up to 1500 sq ft. Its H13 HEPA filter and washable pre-filter efficiently remove pet dander, smoke, and odors, rivaling the filtration power of the Purivortex PX500 but with a focus on pet-related allergens. Operating at just 22 dB, it’s an excellent choice for bedrooms or nurseries where noise level matters. The filter requires replacement every 3–6 months, which could lead to ongoing costs, and the product copy’s lack of clarity on documentation might frustrate some buyers. Still, its safety certifications and ozone-free operation add peace of mind. This model is tailored for pet owners who need quiet, effective, and safe air cleaning in large spaces.
    Pros:
    • Large coverage up to 1500 sq ft with high CADR
    • Effective at removing pet dander, hair, and smoke
    • Quiet operation at 22 dB, suitable for bedrooms
    Cons:
    • HEPA filter replacement every 3–6 months adds ongoing costs
    • Product documentation may be unclear or poorly written

    Best for: Pet owners living in large homes who want a quiet, safe air purifier for pet hair, dander, and smoke.

    Not ideal for: Small apartments or spaces where frequent filter replacement costs and unclear documentation could be a concern.

    • Coverage Area:Up to 1500 sq ft
    • CADR:280 m³/h
    • Filter Type:H13 HEPA plus washable pre-filter
    • Noise Level:22 dB
    • Additional Features:Child lock, ozone-free
    • Replacement Interval:Every 3–6 months
    Our verdict
    “Ideal for pet owners needing a quiet, ozone-free purifier that handles large rooms with high efficiency.”
  5. AromaRoom Air Purifier for Home, Air Cleaner for Smoke, Pollen, Dander, Hair

    AromaRoom Air Purifier for Home, Air Cleaner for Smoke, Pollen, Dander, Hair

    Best for Small Rooms and Aromatherapy Integration

    View on Amazon
    The AromaRoom Air Purifier is designed for smaller spaces up to 323 sq ft, making it well-suited for bedrooms or offices where space is limited. Its high-efficiency filtration captures particles down to 0.1 microns, including smoke and pollen, but it’s less powerful for larger rooms compared to the Purivortex or FreAire models. The added fragrance pad offers aromatherapy benefits, which can enhance comfort but might be unnecessary for purely functional air cleaning. Operating at about 22 dB in sleep mode, it’s quiet enough for nighttime use. However, the filter replacement every 3–6 months could be a recurring expense, and the necessity to remove the PE bag before use adds a small hassle. This purifier is best for users in small rooms who want a combination of air cleaning and aromatherapy.
    Pros:
    • Effective in rooms up to 323 sq ft
    • Quiet operation at 22 dB in sleep mode
    • Includes fragrance pad for aromatherapy
    Cons:
    • Less suitable for large or very smoky spaces
    • Filter replacement every 3–6 months could be costly

    Best for: Small bedrooms or home offices where space is limited and a touch of aromatherapy is desired.

    Not ideal for: Larger rooms or spaces where high capacity and rapid smoke clearance are needed.

    • Effective Room Size:323 sq ft
    • Filtration:High-efficiency particulate (0.1-0.3 microns)
    • Noise Level:22 dB
    • Timer Settings:2/4/8 hours
    • Additional Features:Fragrance pad
    • Filter Replacement Interval:Every 3–6 months
    Our verdict
    “This compact purifier makes the most sense for small spaces wanting effective smoke filtration with added aromatherapy benefits.”
  6. Levoit Air Purifier for Home Pets Bedroom Dorm Room Washable Pre-Filter

    Levoit Air Purifier for Home Pets Bedroom Dorm Room Washable Pre-Filter

    Best for Pet Owners and Allergy Sufferers

    View on Amazon

    This Levoit model shines in small to medium spaces, up to 222 sq ft, thanks to its high-efficiency HEPA filter that captures 99.97% of fine particles, including pet dander and smoke. Compared with larger units like the AirHub, it offers quieter operation in Sleep Mode at just 25dB, making it ideal for bedrooms. Its washable pre-filter simplifies maintenance, but it does require Levoit-specific filters for peak performance, and its coverage is limited for bigger rooms. The pet mode is a standout feature for households with animals, though some users may find app setup less intuitive. Tradeoffs include limited coverage and ongoing filter cost.

    Pros:
    • High filtration efficiency capturing 99.97% of fine particles
    • Pet-friendly mode effectively traps pet dander and hair
    • Quiet operation ideal for bedrooms
    Cons:
    • Limited to 222 sq ft coverage, not suitable for large spaces
    • Requires official Levoit filters for optimal performance

    Best for: Pet owners or allergy sufferers in small rooms needing quiet, low-maintenance air cleaning.

    Not ideal for: Large open-plan spaces or those seeking a multi-room solution, as its coverage is restricted.

    • Coverage Area:up to 222 sq ft
    • Filtration Efficiency:99.97%
    • Noise Level:as low as 25dB in Sleep Mode
    • Pre-Filter:Washable
    • Modes:Pet Mode, Auto Mode, Sleep Mode
    • Control:VeSync app compatible
    Our verdict
    “This model makes the most sense for pet owners or allergy sufferers in smaller rooms who prioritize quiet operation and simple maintenance.”
  7. AirHub Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, AHAM Verified, Up to 1092 Ft²

    AirHub Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, AHAM Verified, Up to 1092 Ft²

    Best for Large Rooms with Smart Features

    View on Amazon

    The AirHub stands out for its impressive coverage of up to 1,092 sq ft, making it suitable for big living spaces or open-concept areas. Its 3-stage filtration system, including a True HEPA filter, ensures 99.97% particle removal, comparable to the MOOKA B-D02L but with the advantage of AHAM verification and CADR ratings. The smart PM2.5 sensor and auto mode deliver a set-it-and-forget-it experience, while its ultra-quiet sleep mode at 20dB is a plus. However, its dual-side intake design requires more clearance and ongoing filter costs may add up over time. This pick is ideal for large homes needing smart, quiet, and reliable air cleaning.

    Pros:
    • Covers up to 1,092 sq ft with high CADR ratings
    • 3-stage filtration captures 99.97% of particles
    • Smart PM2.5 sensor with auto mode and long support
    Cons:
    • Requires more space for proper airflow due to dual intake
    • Ongoing filter replacement costs

    Best for: Homeowners with large rooms or open spaces who want smart features and high-capacity filtration.

    Not ideal for: Small apartments or rooms where space is tight, due to its size and clearance needs.

    • Coverage Area:Up to 1,092 sq ft
    • Filtration:3-stage: pre-filter, HEPA, activated carbon
    • Particle Capture:99.97% at 0.3 microns
    • Noise Level:20 dB in Sleep Mode
    • Sensors:PM2.5 auto sensor
    • Warranty:10 years
    Our verdict
    “This device suits large homes where smart, quiet, and effective filtration is a priority, despite higher ongoing costs.”
  8. VEWIOR 2 Pack Air Purifiers with Washable Filter for Home, Up to 1200 sq ft

    VEWIOR 2 Pack Air Purifiers with Washable Filter for Home, Up to 1200 sq ft

    Best for Budget-Conscious Large Room Coverage

    View on Amazon

    The VEWIOR 2-pack offers a cost-effective way to refresh large areas up to 1200 sq ft, with each unit using 360° air intake for full room circulation. While the washable filters reduce long-term expenses, they still need replacement every 3-6 months, similar to more expensive models like the MOOKA B-D02L. Its 3-stage filtration, including an H13 HEPA filter, effectively captures smoke and allergens, and the ultra-quiet sleep mode as low as 15dB makes it suitable for bedrooms. The twin setup means more coverage but may be overkill for smaller spaces. This is a practical choice for budget-conscious buyers needing multiple units for large areas.

    Pros:
    • Two units for extensive coverage up to 1200 sq ft
    • Washable filters reduce ongoing costs
    • Quiet sleep mode at 15dB
    Cons:
    • Filters need replacement every 3-6 months
    • Two units may be needed for smaller rooms or very large spaces

    Best for: Large households or offices seeking affordable, multi-unit air purification.

    Not ideal for: Small rooms or those looking for a single, compact purifier, as two units may be cumbersome.

    • Quantity:2 pack
    • Coverage Area:1200 sq ft
    • Filter Type:3-stage: washable pre-filter, H13 HEPA, activated carbon
    • Air Exchange Rate:5X per hour
    • Noise Level:as low as 15 dB
    • Special Features:Auto mode, sleep mode, aromatherapy pad
    Our verdict
    “This double-pack is ideal for large areas on a budget, accepting the need to replace filters regularly.”
  9. MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Purifier for Home, Covers up to 1076 ft²

    MOOKA B-D02L True HEPA Air Purifier for Home, Covers up to 1076 ft²

    Best for Quiet, Large Room Filtration

    View on Amazon

    The MOOKA B-D02L is tailored for large rooms up to 1076 sq ft, offering a 3-stage filtration system that captures particles down to 0.3 microns, including smoke and pet dander. Its ultra-quiet operation at 20dB makes it especially suitable for bedrooms and nurseries, similar to the Levoit but with a larger coverage footprint. Multiple timer options and a child lock enhance convenience, though filter replacements every 3-6 months can add up in cost. The built-in night light is a nice touch for bedrooms, yet some may find the power adapter placement less intuitive. This model is best for those needing large-area quiet filtration with child safety features.

    Pros:
    • Large coverage area up to 1076 sq ft
    • Ultra-quiet at 20dB, ideal for bedrooms
    • Effective 3-stage filtration captures 0.3-micron particles
    Cons:
    • Frequent filter replacement needed every 3-6 months
    • Power adapter placement may cause setup confusion

    Best for: Large-bedroom or nursery environments requiring quiet operation and effective smoke removal.

    Not ideal for: Very small rooms or spaces where aesthetic design is a priority, due to its size.

    • Coverage Area:up to 1076 sq ft
    • Air Changes:6 per hour in 215 sq ft
    • Filter Type:Pre-filter, true HEPA, activated carbon
    • Noise Level:20 dB
    • Child Lock:Yes
    • Timer Settings:1H / 2H / 4H / 8H
    Our verdict
    “This purifier is perfect for quiet, large room filtration where safety and minimal disturbance are key, despite ongoing filter costs.”
  10. PuroAir 240 HEPA Air Purifier for Home and Bedroom – 1,000 sq ft

    PuroAir 240 HEPA Air Purifier for Home and Bedroom - 1,000 sq ft

    Best for Efficient Large Room Air Cleaning

    View on Amazon

    The PuroAir 240 is designed for sizable spaces up to 1,000 sq ft, with a 3-layer filtration system that filters out smoke, dust, pollen, and VOCs effectively, similar to the AirHub but with a straightforward approach. Its smart sensors and quiet sleep mode make it suitable for bedrooms, and the two-year warranty adds reassurance. While it doesn’t offer the extensive smart features or verified CADR ratings of the AirHub, it provides reliable filtration backed by certifications. The main tradeoff is the need for regular filter replacements, which can add to the ongoing costs. This makes sense for those seeking proven, large-room filtration without overly complex features.

    Pros:
    • Covers up to 1,000 sq ft efficiently
    • Filters 99.9% of pollutants
    • Quiet sleep mode and smart sensors
    Cons:
    • No specified CADR ratings or smart features
    • Regular filter replacements required

    Best for: Homeowners needing effective, large-room filtration with simple operation and long-term support.

    Not ideal for: Buyers seeking advanced smart features or verified CADR ratings for maximum transparency.

    • Coverage Area:1,000 sq ft
    • Filtration System:Pre-filter, HEPA, activated carbon
    • Filter Efficiency:Up to 99.9%
    • Warranty:2 years
    • Certifications:CARB, ETL, ISO, UL
    Our verdict
    “This purifier suits large-area homes prioritizing reliable filtration with straightforward operation over high-tech features, despite ongoing filter costs.”
  11. Levoit Core 300-P Air Purifier for Home, Pets, Hair, and Allergens

    Levoit Core 300-P Air Purifier for Home, Pets, Hair, and Allergens

    Best Overall for High-Efficiency Filtered Smoke Removal

    View on Amazon

    The Levoit Core 300-P stands out for its ability to reliably capture 99.97% of airborne particles as small as 0.1 microns, including smoke, pollen, and pet dander. Compared with larger units like the Winix 5520, it excels in smaller spaces due to its compact size and quieter operation, making it ideal for bedrooms or offices. Its HEPA-grade filter and independent certifications ensure high filtration efficiency, but its lack of smart features and the need for filter replacements every 6–8 months are tradeoffs. This purifier offers excellent filtration for those prioritizing quiet, effective smoke removal in smaller rooms without the need for automation.

    Pros:
    • Captures 99.97% of fine airborne particles including smoke
    • Quiet 24dB Sleep Mode ideal for nighttime use
    • Independent AHAM verification and multiple safety certifications
    • User-friendly timer and filter indicator
    Cons:
    • Requires filter replacement every 6–8 months, adding ongoing cost
    • Lacks auto mode and smart connectivity features
    • Limited to 120V US power supply

    Best for: Individuals seeking a reliable, quiet purifier for bedrooms or small living spaces with high allergen and smoke filtration needs

    Not ideal for: Large open-plan areas or users wanting smart connectivity and auto-adjustment features

    • Motor Power:56W
    • CADR Smoke:143 CFM
    • Room Coverage:222 ft² at 4.8 air changes per hour
    • Filtration Efficiency:99.97% for 0.1–0.3 μm particles
    • Noise Level:24dB in Sleep Mode
    • Certifications:AHAM Verified, FCC Certified, ETL Listed, CARB Compliant
    Our verdict
    “This model works best for those needing a straightforward, effective smoke and allergen purifier in small spaces without smart features.”
  12. VOOPNU Home Air Purifier with High-Efficiency Filter, White

    VOOPNU Home Air Purifier with High-Efficiency Filter, White

    Best Compact Coverage with Optional Scent Diffusion

    View on Amazon

    The VOOPNU offers a surprisingly large coverage of up to 1,076 ft², making it suitable for medium-sized rooms or open-plan spaces, and it operates as quietly as 22 dB—comparable to the MOOKA. Its triple-layer filtration ensures 99.97% removal of airborne pollutants, including smoke, pollen, and pet dander. The addition of an essential oil tray makes it attractive for users who want a fresh scent along with clean air. However, to maintain performance, continuous operation and high-quality replacement filters are needed, which can add to ongoing costs. This unit makes sense for those prioritizing quiet, large-area coverage with optional scenting in a compact form.

    Pros:
    • Covers up to 1,076 ft² effectively
    • Quiet operation at 22 dB suitable for bedrooms
    • Triple-layer filter captures 99.97% of pollutants
    • Includes an essential oil tray for scent diffusion
    Cons:
    • Best performance requires continuous use and quality filters
    • Off-brand filters may reduce efficiency or damage unit
    • Replacement filters necessary for sustained performance

    Best for: Homeowners looking for a quiet, multi-purpose purifier for medium to large rooms with optional aromatherapy

    Not ideal for: Heavy smokers requiring frequent, high-capacity filtration without ongoing filter costs

    • Coverage Area:Up to 1,076 ft²
    • Noise Level:22 dB
    • Filtration Type:Triple-layer high-efficiency filter
    • Particle Capture Rate:99.97%
    • Additional Feature:Essential oil tray
    • Certifications:DOE, ETL, FCC, CARB, CE, ROHS
    Our verdict
    “Ideal for users wanting a quiet, large-area purifier with optional scenting, but mindful of ongoing filter costs.”
  13. Winix 5520 Air Purifier for Large Rooms up to 1,882 sq ft with True HEPA, Carbon Filter, and Auto Mode

    Winix 5520 Air Purifier for Large Rooms up to 1,882 sq ft with True HEPA, Carbon Filter, and Auto Mode

    Best for Large Spaces with Smart Auto-Adjusting Filtration

    View on Amazon

    The Winix 5520 is designed to handle large rooms, up to 1,882 sq ft in one hour, making it a standout choice for open living areas. Its True HEPA filter and advanced carbon filter effectively remove smoke, odors, VOCs, and dust, outperforming many smaller units like the Levoit 300-P in larger spaces. The smart sensors and auto mode allow the purifier to adjust its operation based on real-time air quality, a feature missing in the Levoit. However, ongoing filter replacements and reliance on app control for full functionality add to maintenance considerations. This model is best for those who want a large-capacity purifier with automation and app integration for smoke-heavy environments.

    Pros:
    • Covers up to 1,882 sq ft in one hour
    • True HEPA filter captures 99.99% of fine particles
    • Reduces odors with advanced carbon filter
    • Smart sensors and auto mode optimize operation
    Cons:
    • Higher ongoing filter replacement costs
    • Remote control depends on app setup
    • Maximum coverage claims require extended continuous use

    Best for: Homeowners with large living rooms or open-concept spaces seeking automated, smart filtration

    Not ideal for: Small bedrooms or users preferring manual operation without app dependency

    • Coverage (1 Hour):1,882 sq ft
    • True HEPA Efficiency:99.99%
    • Noise Level:23.5 dB
    • Sensors:Air quality sensors with Auto Mode
    • App Compatibility:Winix Smart App
    • Certifications:AHAM Verified, UL Certified
    Our verdict
    “Best suited for large, open spaces where automated, comprehensive smoke and odor control is desired.”
  14. LEVOIT Smart Air Purifier for Home Large Room up to 1875 Ft² – Vital 200S-P

    LEVOIT Smart Air Purifier for Home Large Room up to 1875 Ft² - Vital 200S-P

    Best for Smart-Controlled Large Room Coverage

    View on Amazon

    The LEVOIT Vital 200S-P makes a compelling case for smart automation in large spaces, with a coverage of up to 1,875 sq ft and CADR ratings of 250 for smoke. Its AHAM certification guarantees independent testing and safety, and its high CADR ratings mean it can handle smoke, pollen, and dust efficiently. Unlike the Levoit Core 300-P, it includes smart features like app control and auto mode, making it more convenient for users wanting remote operation. Its bulkier size may be a drawback for smaller rooms, and ongoing filter costs are a consideration. This pick suits those who want a large, connected purifier for smoke and allergen control in open-concept homes or big living areas.

    Pros:
    • Covers up to 1,875 sq ft with high CADR for smoke
    • AHAM verified for performance and safety
    • Smart app control and auto mode for convenience
    • High CADR ratings for fast smoke removal
    Cons:
    • Bulky size may be unsuitable for smaller rooms
    • Ongoing filter replacement costs
    • Smart features may be unnecessary for some users

    Best for: Tech-savvy homeowners needing a large, smart, and effective smoke purifier for open spaces

    Not ideal for: Small bedrooms or users preferring manual operation without smart features

    • Coverage Area:Up to 1875 sq ft
    • CADR (Smoke):250 CFM
    • Certification:AHAM Verified
    • Smart Features:Yes
    • Auto Mode:Yes
    • Power Consumption:Varies with operation
    Our verdict
    “Ideal for large, modern homes where remote control and automated filtration are priorities for smoke management.”
  15. MOOKA Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, 2200 Sq Ft Coverage, HEPA Filter, White

    MOOKA Air Purifier for Home Bedroom Large Room, 2200 Sq Ft Coverage, HEPA Filter, White

    Best for Very Large Rooms with Quiet Operation

    View on Amazon

    The MOOKA Air Purifier offers extensive coverage, up to 2200 sq ft, making it suitable for large open areas or multiple rooms. Its 3-stage filtration, including HEPA, activated carbon, and washable pre-filter, captures smoke, pollen, pet dander, and odors effectively. Its quiet sleep mode at 20 dB ensures peaceful operation overnight, similar to the VOOPNU. However, its large size and need for periodic pre-filter cleaning or replacement can be inconvenient. It’s best for large households or spaces where continuous, quiet operation is essential, but ongoing maintenance and filter costs should be considered.

    Pros:
    • Covers up to 2200 sq ft efficiently
    • Very quiet sleep mode at 20 dB
    • Multi-stage filtration captures diverse pollutants
    • Washable pre-filter reduces ongoing costs
    Cons:
    • Large physical size may be inconvenient for small spaces
    • Requires manual cleaning of pre-filter periodically
    • Replacement filters are needed for best performance

    Best for: Large households or open-concept spaces needing high-capacity, quiet smoke filtration

    Not ideal for: Small rooms or users seeking a compact, portable unit

    • Coverage Area:2200 sq ft
    • Fan Speeds:4
    • Noise Level:20dB
    • Filter Type:3-stage HEPA, activated carbon, washable pre-filter
    • Timer:2/4/6/8 hours
    • Certifications:CARB, ETL, DOE
    Our verdict
    “Perfect for large, quiet environments where extensive coverage and ongoing filtration are needed without frequent replacement costs.”
What makes a great air purifiers for smoke
1
Room Size and Coverage
Matching the purifier’s coverage area to your room size is vital.
2
Filtration System
Effective smoke filtration relies on a true HEPA filter, capable of capturing tiny particles like smoke ash and VOCs.
3
Noise and Operation Levels
Quiet operation can significantly improve comfort, especially if you plan to use the purifier in bedrooms or living spaces during
4
Additional Features and Ease of Use
Smart controls, timers, auto modes, and filter replacement indicators enhance the user experience.
How to choose your air purifiers for smoke
1
How we picked
All products were evaluated based on their filtration effectiveness for smoke, coverage area, noise levels, usability, b
2
Room Size and Coverage
Matching the purifier’s coverage area to your room size is vital.
3
Filtration System
Effective smoke filtration relies on a true HEPA filter, capable of capturing tiny particles like smoke ash and VOCs.
4
Noise and Operation Levels
Quiet operation can significantly improve comfort, especially if you plan to use the purifier in bedrooms or living spac
5
Additional Features and Ease of Use
Smart controls, timers, auto modes, and filter replacement indicators enhance the user experience.
Vetted air purifiers for smoke ·
The best air purifiers for smoke, compared
★ Winner Purivortex PX500 Air Purifier
Best Overall for Large Room Coverage and Versatile Features
15compared
24dB in Sleep Modetop noise level

How We Picked

All products were evaluated based on their filtration effectiveness for smoke, coverage area, noise levels, usability, build quality, and value. Priority was given to models with true HEPA filters and activated carbon layers to handle smoke and odors effectively. We also considered ease of maintenance, energy efficiency, and user feedback. Products were ranked to reflect their suitability for different room sizes and user needs, from large open spaces to smaller bedrooms, ensuring each model offers a clear advantage in its category.
Which air purifiers for smoke fits you?
The everyday user
All-round, reliable
The enthusiast
Premium & high-performance
The gift-giver
Looks & craftsmanship

Factors to Consider When Choosing Air Purifiers For Smoke

Choosing the right air purifier for smoke involves more than just looking at specs. It’s important to consider the size of your space to ensure the unit can handle the volume of air effectively. Filter type matters—HEPA filters are critical for capturing smoke particles, while activated carbon helps with odors. Noise levels can impact daily comfort, especially in bedrooms or workspaces. Additionally, features like auto mode and smart controls can enhance usability but may increase costs. Balance these factors based on your specific environment and budget for the best results.

Room Size and Coverage

Matching the purifier’s coverage area to your room size is vital. An underpowered model won’t clean the air effectively, while an oversized unit may be unnecessary and more expensive. For large rooms or open-plan spaces, look for models that specify high coverage, like the FreAire HAP605 or MOOKA 2200 Sq Ft. Smaller rooms can benefit from compact units like the AromaRoom or Levoit models, which are designed for quieter operation and lower power use. Always verify the square footage and choose accordingly to ensure optimal smoke removal.

Filtration System

Effective smoke filtration relies on a true HEPA filter, capable of capturing tiny particles like smoke ash and VOCs. Activated carbon filters are equally important for neutralizing odors associated with smoke. Some models combine both layers, providing comprehensive air cleaning. Be wary of units with cheaper, non-HEPA filters, which may only trap larger particles and fail to address smoke thoroughly. Investing in a purifier with a high-quality filtration system ensures cleaner air and better odor control, especially in environments with persistent smoke issues.

Noise and Operation Levels

Quiet operation can significantly improve comfort, especially if you plan to use the purifier in bedrooms or living spaces during sleep or work. Some models feature a ‘sleep mode’ or ultra-quiet settings, but these often reduce fan speed and airflow. Consider your tolerance for noise versus the need for rapid smoke removal, which typically requires higher fan speeds. Balancing noise and performance is key—look for user reviews that mention real-world noise levels to find the best fit for your environment.

Additional Features and Ease of Use

Smart controls, timers, auto modes, and filter replacement indicators enhance the user experience. However, these features often come with added costs and complexity. For basic needs, a simple on/off switch with manual filter changes may suffice, while more advanced models can automatically adjust airflow based on air quality sensors. Ease of maintenance is also crucial—look for models with washable filters or easily accessible replacement parts. Weigh the convenience features against your budget and comfort with technology to select the best option.

Price and Value

While high-end models offer superior filtration and smart features, they also command higher prices. For most users, a mid-range purifier with proven smoke removal capabilities provides excellent value. Consider long-term costs, including filter replacements and energy consumption, to gauge overall affordability. Cheaper units may lack effective filtration or be noisy, leading to higher dissatisfaction over time. Prioritize models that strike a balance between performance and cost, ensuring your investment results in cleaner, healthier air without overspending.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if an air purifier can handle the smoke in my home?

To determine if an air purifier can effectively handle your home’s smoke, check its CADR (Clean Air Delivery Rate) ratings specifically for smoke, which indicate its filtration capacity. Look for models with true HEPA filters and activated carbon layers, as these are essential for removing smoke particles and odors. Larger spaces require units with higher coverage areas and higher CADR scores to ensure fast, effective air cleaning. Reading user reviews for real-world performance can also provide insight into how well a unit manages smoke in typical household conditions.

Are quiet air purifiers effective for smoke removal?

Quiet air purifiers can be effective for smoke removal if they are designed with high-performance filters and sufficient airflow capacity. Many models include a ‘sleep mode’ or ultra-quiet setting, which reduces noise while still maintaining filtration. However, for significant or persistent smoke, higher fan speeds are usually necessary, which can generate more noise. It’s important to balance your need for quiet operation with the required filtration power, and often a slightly noisier, high-capacity unit will clean the air faster and more thoroughly.

How often do I need to replace the filters in a smoke-specific air purifier?

The frequency of filter replacement depends on the model and the level of smoke pollution. Generally, HEPA filters should be replaced every 6 to 12 months, while activated carbon filters may need changing every 3 to 6 months for optimal odor removal. Some units feature indicator lights that alert you when replacements are due. Regular maintenance ensures the purifier remains effective, so always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and consider your home’s smoke level when planning replacements.

Can I use an air purifier for smoke in a small apartment?

Absolutely, small apartments benefit from compact air purifiers with effective smoke filtration. Look for models with true HEPA and activated carbon filters sized appropriately for your space, such as the AromaRoom or Levoit models. These units are often quieter and more energy-efficient, making them suitable for continuous use. Proper placement—away from walls and in central locations—maximizes their effectiveness. Even in small apartments, a good-quality purifier can significantly reduce smoke odors and improve air quality.

Is it worth paying more for a smart or auto mode air purifier?

Investing in a smart or auto mode air purifier can be worthwhile if you want hands-free operation and consistent air quality control. These models automatically adjust fan speed based on real-time air quality readings, which optimizes filtration while minimizing noise and energy use. They are especially useful in homes with variable smoke levels or multiple users. However, they tend to cost more upfront, so consider whether the convenience and potential long-term savings justify the additional expense for your situation.

Conclusion

For most users seeking effective smoke removal, the Purivortex PX500 offers a balanced combination of coverage, filtration, and ease of use, making it the best overall choice. Those with larger spaces or persistent smoke issues will find the FreAire HAP605 or MOOKA 2200 Sq Ft better suited, despite higher price tags. Buyers new to air purifiers or with smaller rooms should consider compact, straightforward models like the AromaRoom or Levoit. For high-tech enthusiasts, premium options with smart features provide convenience at a premium price. Tailor your choice to your room size, budget, and specific needs for optimal air quality improvement.

This article is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your specific situation.
HALLOWEEN

Halloween Picks

As an affiliate, we earn on qualifying purchases.

You May Also Like

The 5 Best Video Baby Monitors With Dual Cameras for 2026—Enhanced Safety and Convenience

Discover the top video baby monitors with dual cameras for 2026. Find the best options for clarity, usability, and value for your nursery needs.

The 6 Best 4K Color E-Ink Monitors for Eye Comfort in 2026—Enhanced Clarity and Reduced Eye Strain

Discover the top 4k color e ink monitors for eye comfort in 2026. Find the best options for clarity, portability, and eye-friendly viewing today.

14 Best Ergonomic Laptop Stands in 2026

Discover the top ergonomic laptop stands of 2026, including the best overall, best value, and premium options to enhance comfort and productivity.

The 5 Best Weighted Blankets for Anxiety in 2026: Comfort and Calm You Can Count On

Discover the top weighted blankets for anxiety in 2026. Find the best overall, value options, and beginner-friendly picks in this curated guide.